This day in #history 0114
JANUARY 1ST
1 – Origin of Christian Era
1502 – Portuguese navigators discover Rio de
Janeiro
1610 – German astronomer Simon Marius 1st
discovers the Jupiter moons , but does not officially report it , Galileo does on July 1 1610
1776 – Gen George Washington hoists Continental Union Flag
1800 – Dutch East Indies Company dissolves
1801 – The Irish Parliament votes to join the
Kingdom of Great Britain, forming the United
Kingdom of Great Britain and Ireland
1804 – Haiti gains independence from France
(National Day )
1808 – Congress prohibits importation of slaves
1808 – Sierra Leone becomes a British colony
1861 – President Lincoln declares slavery in
Confederate states unlawful
1863 – Emancipation Proclamation ( ending slavery) issued by Lincoln
1873 – Origin of Japanese Era
1876 – The Reichsbank opens in Berlin .
1877 – England’ s Queen Victoria proclaimed empress of India
1890 – Eritrea is consolidated into a colony by the
Italian government .
1893 – Japan adopts the Gregorian calendar
1896 – Wilhelm Röntgen announces his discovery of x- rays
1899 – Cuba liberated from Spain by US (Natl Day )(US occupies till 1902)
1899 – Spanish rule ends in Cuba.
1900 – British protectorates of Northern & Southern Nigeria established
1900 – Compulsory education in Netherlands goes into effect
1901 – Australia declares independence from
federation of UK colonies
1901 – Nigeria becomes a British protectorate.
1912 – Sun Yat- sen forms Chinese Republic
1912 – The Republic of China is established .
1914 – Northern & Southern Nigeria united in British colony of Nigeria
1923 – Union of Socialist Soviet Republics
established
1925 – Norway ‘s capital Christiania changes name to Oslo
1927 – Turkey adopts the Gregorian calendar:
December 18, 1926 ( Julian), is immediately followed by January 1 , 1927 (Gregorian ).
1945 – France joins the UN
1946 – ENIAC, US 1st computer finished by Mauchly / Eckert
1946 – National Assembly proclaims Hungary a
republic
1948 – Britain nationalizes its railways
1948 – Italy adopts constitution
1948 – Orissa province accedes to India
1949 – Tokelau (Union ) Islands declared part of New Zealand
1950 – The state of Ajaigarh is ceded to the Government of India.
1956 – Sudan (Anglo – Egyptian Sudan ) declares
independence from Egypt & UK
1957 – George Town , Penang becomes a city by a royal charter granted by Her Majesty Queen Elizabeth II.
1959 – Chad becomes autonomous republic in French Community
1960 – Cameroon (French Cameroon) gains
independence from France
1960 – Montserrat adopts constitution
1962 – Rwanda granted internal self -government by Belgium
1962 – Western Samoa gains independence from
New Zealand Susuga Malietoa Tanumafili II becomes co-chief of Western Samoa
1967 – St Helena adopts constitution
1967 – Tonga revises constitution
1973 – West African Economic Community formed (Benin , Ivory Coast , Mali, Mauritania , Niger , Senegal , Upper Volta )
1975 – Sweden adopts constitution
1981 – Greece is 10th country to join European
Economic Community
1984 – Brunei becomes independent of UK
1986 – Aruba becomes independent from neighbor island Curacao
1986 – Spain & Portugal are 11th & 12th to join
European Economic Community
1993 – Czechoslovakia separates into Czech
Republic ( Bohemia) & Slovakia
1997 – The Republic of Zaïre officially joins the World Trade Organization, as Zaïre.
1999 – The Euro currency is introduced.
2002 – Euro banknotes and coins become legal tender in twelve of the European Union ‘s member states.
2002 – Taiwan officially joins the World Trade
Organization, as Chinese Taipei.
2007 – Bulgaria and Romania officially join the
European Union . Also, Bulgarian , Romanian, and Irish become official languages of the European Union , joining 20 other official languages.
2007 – Slovenia officially adopts the Euro currency and becomes the thirteenth Eurozone country.
2008 – Malta and Cyprus officially adopt the Euro
currency and become the fourteenth and fifteenth
Eurozone countries.
2009 – Slovakia officially adopts the Euro currency
FAMOUS BIRTHDAYS
1449 – Lorenzo de ‘Medici (The Magnificent ) ,
Florentine statesman ( d. 1492 )
1752 – Betsy Ross [Elizabeth Griscom], seamstress widely credited with making the first American flag
1892 – Manuel Roxas y Acuna, 1 st president
Philippines
1895 – J . Edgar Hoover, Washington , D. C. , first Director of the Federal Bureau of Investigation (1924 -72)
FAMOUS DEATHS
1994 – Cesar Romero, US actor (Joker – Batman ), dies at 86
FAMOUS WEDDING
1994 – Microsoft CEO Bill Gates (38) marries Melinda French ( 29)
2003 – ” Lord of The Rings ” actress Miranda Otto (35 ) weds actor Peter O ‘Brien ( 44) at St. Mary’s Cathedral in Sydney, Australia
2011 – Singer- songwriter Shania Twain ( 46) weds Swiss business executive Frederic Thiebaud in Rincon, Puerto Rico
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